FEOS wrote:
Turquoise wrote:
FEOS wrote:
Rome was pretty socially liberal. Wouldn't you say western society is more evolved than ancient Roman society?
Or are you using conservative and liberal differently than the common colloquial usage of the terms here in the US?
Until the Enlightenment period and the Industrial Revolution, Europe was not as culturally advanced as the Ancient Romans. Medieval Europe was actually quite primitive in a social sense compared to the Romans.
During the Middle Ages, China was actually the most advanced society on the planet. For the most part, they were more socially liberal than Medieval Europe.
My point being that some would consider Roman society to be far more socially liberal (in many aspects) than today's western society. That contradicts your argument vis a vis social evolution and liberalism.
Those that make that argument are incorrect for one very big reason. Slavery.
The majority of Rome's population was made up of slaves. Slavery is a conservative institution.
FEOS wrote:
So the question remains: what exactly do you mean by "conservative" and "liberal" in this context?
I'm defining liberal as synonymous with civil libertarianism. The general idea is that the freer people are in a personal sense and the more egalitarian society is with regard to political representation and attitudes toward social equality, the more liberal a society is.
I'm defining conservatism as restraints on personal freedom, inequalities in political representation, and prejudices against social equality.
Rome may have been more liberal than us about homosexuality and hedonism, but in many other respects, they were much more conservative. Slavery is the most obvious example, but classism was much more blatant in Rome as well. Also, women were second-class citizens, although they did have more rights in Rome than in most of the rest of the Ancient World.