Here's one environmental topic that is almost never discussed (due, obviously, to the GW debate )
Genetically engineered/modified food.
I'm posting this now because one Australian state (Victoria) has just legalized the growing of genetically engineered food, much to the chagrin of various environmental groups. (I probably have the details wrong on this, btw. If a Victorian could point it out...)
So.
What is GM food?
Genetically modified food - crops, basically. Pretty self-explanatory IMO. Basically, you artificially alter the genes of the crop to give said crops new 'traits' or phenotypes. (There are other methods but this is the most common). First appeared around 1994-1996, now is taking off, especially in the US.
What's it for?
The idea is to give said crops superior traits, like far bigger yield, resistance to disease, can grow in more places. That kind of thing that would greatly increase the quantity/quality of food by a staggering amount. If done properly, you could solve major food shortages overnight and also prevent possible famines in future. ('Cos let's face it, the current system of NGO/bilateral aid isn't working nearly as well as it should be). Best summed up by this pro-GM manifesto:[/b]
Lots have been named, many of which are debated and few of which are proven (well, it is kinda new)
[b]Where is it grown?
Mostly in North America - US makes up about 2/3 of the world's GM production. Other main producers are Argentina (about 20%), Canada, Brazil and China (around 5% each). In the US, GM food make up a (to me, anyway) staggerin proportion of the crops: almost all soybean, about 2/3rds of maize are GM, and three quarters of ALL processed food has a GM element to it.
Notes
A lot of weird stuff has circulated around this topic. At least twice there has been big scares over supposed health risks over experimental GM food, one surrounding GM potatoes, one GM corn, one Brazil nut. In none of these episodes was there any conclusive evidence of said health risks, and two had poor research/statistical methods which resulted in the conclusion. In my mind, this reinforces the phrase that best describes the GM food debate: 'No one really knows.'
On public opinion: Not many people know a lot about GM food. I only looked at this after a fair bit of research, and I still don't know very much (notice the general nature of the possible improvements that I listed). Those that do know, however, are almost all antagonistic (not against though) to GM food. I think people aren't quite sure yet: it's a new, and as of yet unproven technology. We'll just have to wait and see is the general view.
---
So what are your thoughts? Personally, I have reservations but I don't see too many other choices in getting more food with less land (which is what we have to do).
At the very least this'll remind everyone that there are more environmental debates other than pollution (GW falls in this category) and whaling.
N.B. I found a lot of other, secondary uses for GM food (vaccines caught my attention). Don't know how feasible they are, though.
Genetically engineered/modified food.
I'm posting this now because one Australian state (Victoria) has just legalized the growing of genetically engineered food, much to the chagrin of various environmental groups. (I probably have the details wrong on this, btw. If a Victorian could point it out...)
So.
What is GM food?
Genetically modified food - crops, basically. Pretty self-explanatory IMO. Basically, you artificially alter the genes of the crop to give said crops new 'traits' or phenotypes. (There are other methods but this is the most common). First appeared around 1994-1996, now is taking off, especially in the US.
What's it for?
The idea is to give said crops superior traits, like far bigger yield, resistance to disease, can grow in more places. That kind of thing that would greatly increase the quantity/quality of food by a staggering amount. If done properly, you could solve major food shortages overnight and also prevent possible famines in future. ('Cos let's face it, the current system of NGO/bilateral aid isn't working nearly as well as it should be). Best summed up by this pro-GM manifesto:[/b]
What are the problems of GM food?The ABIC 2004 Manifesto,http://www.agrometeorology.org/index.php?id=386 wrote:
On our planet, 18% of the land mass is used for agricultural production. This fraction cannot be increased substantially.It is absolutely essential that the yield per unit of land increases beyond current levels given that:The human population is still growing, and will reach about nine billion by 2040;7 Mio hectare of agricultural land (equivalent to 60% of the German agricultural area) are lost annually to growth of cities and other non-agricultural uses;Consumer diets in developing countries are increasingly changing from plant-based proteins to animal protein, a trend that requires a greater amount of crop-based feed...
Sound, modern science, especially in plant biotechnology, will help to solve current and future problems in feeding a growing pop ulation; in particular, plant science will provide solutions to problems at the interface between agriculture and the environment... Genetically modified plants will help to ensure a secure and sustainable future for agriculture.
Lots have been named, many of which are debated and few of which are proven (well, it is kinda new)
- Accidental introduction of diseases and ailments. Fuck around with nature (which is what you're doing, pure and simple) and you run the serious risk of creating crops which are hypertoxic to humans simply because they're unknown. There's a funny thing with the world and humans: our tolerance level to a substance is pretty much proportional to the exposure we get naturally. So a brand new substance = zero tolerance = bad. There already has been instances of The main thing is, though, no-one knows what effects it could have - especially long-term ones (the ones that appear from accumalation over a period of yearsr), and is it really a good idea to gamble with the healthcare of the whole world? No-one really knows.
- Contamination. This, currently, is a big one, but if GM foods become more accepted this will gradually disappear. Not everyone wants to eat/grow GM food. So they grow the natural crops. The problem is crops pollinate, obviously, so that means the pollen is meant to get blown around here there and everywhere by wind. So the genes will spread, and some farmer who doesn't want to grow GM crops (and relies on not growing GM crops for his income) suddenly finds that his crops are all of the GM variety being grown by the guy 20km down the road. It's basically unintended sabotage, and the only thing to blame is the wind. Obviously this begs the question: How far away do you have to grow GM so it's safe? (This is referred to as 'segregation') Truth is, no-one's sure - either of how far it should go or whether segregation will actually do the job. So for now, this is a big one.
- Screwing with evolution. Similar to the last, but, referring more to the environment. Do you really want to go kicking evolution in the balls? Cos that's what you risk doing if you're not careful. Make an organism too powerful and it will run rampant. Equally, introduce an organism into an ecosystem that has never had the like could be equally bad (Cane toad, anyone?). So throwing a couple of new genes designed purely to give an organism an advantage... no-one really knows.However, we have been toying with evolution for a long, long, time without too much harm. After all, that's what crossbreeding is.
- Corporate concerns. Yeah, I know, but I had to put this in here. Some people think that GM food could place too much power in the hands of biotech companies in control of GM and thus of the world's food supply. A vital concern, but one not really relevant to this paticular debate IMO.
- Intellectual property. Don't know much about this one, but could be a serious issue. I suppose it's kind of hard to patent a plant...
[b]Where is it grown?
Mostly in North America - US makes up about 2/3 of the world's GM production. Other main producers are Argentina (about 20%), Canada, Brazil and China (around 5% each). In the US, GM food make up a (to me, anyway) staggerin proportion of the crops: almost all soybean, about 2/3rds of maize are GM, and three quarters of ALL processed food has a GM element to it.
Notes
A lot of weird stuff has circulated around this topic. At least twice there has been big scares over supposed health risks over experimental GM food, one surrounding GM potatoes, one GM corn, one Brazil nut. In none of these episodes was there any conclusive evidence of said health risks, and two had poor research/statistical methods which resulted in the conclusion. In my mind, this reinforces the phrase that best describes the GM food debate: 'No one really knows.'
On public opinion: Not many people know a lot about GM food. I only looked at this after a fair bit of research, and I still don't know very much (notice the general nature of the possible improvements that I listed). Those that do know, however, are almost all antagonistic (not against though) to GM food. I think people aren't quite sure yet: it's a new, and as of yet unproven technology. We'll just have to wait and see is the general view.
---
So what are your thoughts? Personally, I have reservations but I don't see too many other choices in getting more food with less land (which is what we have to do).
At the very least this'll remind everyone that there are more environmental debates other than pollution (GW falls in this category) and whaling.
N.B. I found a lot of other, secondary uses for GM food (vaccines caught my attention). Don't know how feasible they are, though.
Last edited by Spark (2012-09-19 18:22:17)
The paradox is only a conflict between reality and your feeling what reality ought to be.
~ Richard Feynman
~ Richard Feynman